How often do you visit the salon to get your hair colored? For many women, it’s a routine trip every six to eight weeks, sometimes even more frequently. Whether you’re covering gray hair or adding highlights, you’re not alone. A 2008 study revealed that 75% of women color their hair. Men are joining in too, with about 10% of men over 40 using hair dye.
Dangers of Chemical Hair Dyes
The potential hazards of chemical hair dyes are significant, especially if you regularly color your hair at the salon or use at-home products. Hair dyes are available in permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary forms, with permanent dyes being the most common. These products contain around 5,000 different chemicals, some of which have been found to be carcinogenic in animal studies. Research has long suggested a link between hair dye and cancer, particularly with frequent use and darker colors. Studies have indicated a higher risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and multiple myeloma for regular users.
A 2004 study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found a significant link between hair dye and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The highest risk was among women who used permanent dyes in dark colors and dyed their hair eight or more times a year for at least 25 years.
One of the main chemical concerns in permanent hair dye is phenylenediamine. While the FDA hasn’t banned its use, they proposed warning labels, but these were successfully opposed by industry lobbyists. Another concern is coal tar colors, which are extracted from bituminous coal tar and contain toxic contaminants like benzene, a known carcinogen. Additionally, coal tar colors may include heavy metals like lead and arsenic, which can cause cancer and disrupt hormones.
Hairdressers and barbers are also at risk. A 2008 report by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) indicated that some chemicals used in hair dyes are probably carcinogenic to humans. Mixing hydrogen peroxide with ammonia, a common practice in hair dyeing, creates dangerous new chemicals that may increase cancer risk. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) advises against skin contact with phenylenediamine, yet avoiding skin contact is nearly impossible during application.
Apart from cancer, hair dyes can cause allergic reactions, ranging from mild dermatitis to severe, potentially fatal reactions. Common symptoms include dermatitis around the eyes, scalp, face, and ears.
Europe Ahead of America
Europe has taken more stringent measures against potentially dangerous chemicals in personal care products, including hair dyes. The European Commission has banned 22 hair dye substances linked to bladder cancer. In contrast, the U.S. lacks a regulatory body overseeing chemicals in personal care products. The FDA only makes recommendations, leaving it up to companies to research ingredient safety.
The Environmental Working Group (EWG) found that 400 of 456 hair colors in their database are high hazards, containing toxic ingredients linked to cancer, reproductive issues, neurotoxicity, organ toxicity, and allergic reactions.
Natural Alternatives to Chemical Hair Dyes
If you’re looking for a safer way to color your hair, consider natural alternatives that nourish your hair without harmful chemicals. Here are some options:
Henna: This natural dye has been used for thousands of years. Henna colors hair gently while strengthening the hair shaft and conditioning the scalp. It enhances natural highlights and undertones, working with your hair’s existing color.
Coffee: For a darker shade or to cover gray, brew a strong cup of coffee, let it cool, and mix it with leave-in conditioner and coffee grounds. Apply to clean hair, let it sit for an hour, and rinse with apple cider vinegar. Repeat for better results.
Tea: Black tea can darken hair naturally, while chamomile tea can enhance blonde highlights. Brew a concentrated mix, let it cool, and apply with your conditioner. For gray hair, add sage to open hair follicles. Leave the tea mixture on for at least an hour.
Carrot or Beet Juice: For red tints, use carrot or beet juice. Mix with coconut oil, apply to hair, and wrap for at least an hour. Rinse and spray with apple cider vinegar to set the color. Repeat as needed.
Walnut Shells: For a rich brown color, crush walnut shells, boil them, and strain the liquid. Apply to hair, focusing on gray areas. For a stronger dye, reduce the liquid by boiling it down.
Lemon Juice: To lighten hair, spray freshly squeezed lemon juice on your hair and sit in the sun. For blondes, mix lemon juice with chamomile tea.
When visiting the salon, ask questions about the products used. Some salons offer organic hair color options. Always know what’s in the products you use to make informed decisions for your health.
